William Howard Schuman, one of America’s most celebrated and
accomplished composers, was born in NYC in 1910, to Samuel and Rachel Schuman.
He was named, incidentally, for the 27th President of the United States,
William Howard Taft, but his family called him Bill.
He played violin and banjo as a child, and formed a dance band in
high school, “Billy Schuman had his Alamo Society Orchestra”, in which he
played string bass- and they did local weddings and bar mitzvahs.
While writing popular songs as hobby, (including a staggering 40
in collaboration with the great lyricist Frank Loesser) Schuman entered NYU’s
School of Commerce to pursue a business degree—until a fateful day in 1930
when he attended a Carnegie Hall concert of the NY Phil, conducted by Arturo
Toscanini that changed his life. He said of that night, “I was astounded at
seeing the sea of stringed instruments, everybody bowing together. The visual
thing alone was astonishing. But the sound! I was overwhelmed. The very next
day, I decided to become a composer.”
And what a career followed: 8 symphonies, the first ever Pulitzer
Prize for music in 1943 for his Cantata No. 2, adapted from poems by another
great American artist, Walt Whitman, a world-renowned concerto for violin, an
opera based on “Casey at the Bat”. He taught composition at Sarah Lawrence,
became president of the Julliard School, founded the Julliard String Quartet,
became president of Lincoln center, won another Pulitzer in 1985 for half a
century of contributions to American music as composer and educator, and
received the National Medal for the Arts in 1987.
Inaugurating the 250th anniversary of the Battles of Lexington
and Concord, we are pleased to perform for you his 1956 composition, Chester Overture for
Band, adapted by the composer from his own orchestral work entitled New
England Triptych. It is based on a tune written by arguably the first great
homegrown American composer, of European stock, William Billings, first published
in 1770. Chester was so popular that it was sung from Vermont to South
Carolina, and became THE unofficial anthem of the American Revolution, sung
around the campfires of the Continental Army and played by fifers on the march.
You’ll hear the original Billings chorale at the start of the
piece, before Schuman breaks it into fragments of intense development which
call to mind the struggle and tumult, but also the determination, the yearning
for freedom during those difficult Revolutionary War years.
Program notes by John Rabinowitz